Nepal recently joined the increasing number of countries affected by the monkeypox virus, as a 60-year-old foreign woman tested positive for the disease. This marks the first confirmed case of monkeypox in the country, bringing the total count of affected nations to a staggering 111. Teku Hospital in Kathmandu confirmed the diagnosis, which was further supported by an official press statement from the Ministry of Health. With the virus continuing its spread, it is crucial for individuals to exercise caution and take necessary precautions to prevent transmission.

Understanding Monkeypox (Mpox)

Mpox, or monkeypox, is a viral infection caused by the monkeypox virus. It can be transmitted between people or from the environment to individuals through contaminated surfaces. In regions where the virus is present among wildlife, it can also be transmitted from infected animals to humans who come into contact with them. The World Health Organization (WHO) has adopted “mpox” as a new preferred term for monkeypox.

Symptoms of Mpox

Mpox presents a range of symptoms, varying from mild to severe. While some individuals experience milder symptoms, others may develop more serious illness requiring medical care. High-risk groups include pregnant women, children, and individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with untreated advanced HIV disease.

Common symptoms of mpox include fever, rash, headache, muscle aches, back pain, low energy, and swollen lymph nodes. The rash, resembling blisters or sores, can last for 2-4 weeks and typically affects the face, hands, feet, groin, genital and/or anal regions. In severe cases, inflammation can occur in the rectum, causing severe pain, and in the genitals, leading to difficulties in urination. Mpox can also result in complications such as bacterial infections, inflammation of the brain, heart, or lungs, and eye problems.

Prevention Measures

Maintain Good Hygiene Practices

To minimize the risk of mpox transmission, it is essential to adhere to good hygiene practices:

• Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after visiting public spaces or coming into contact with animals.
• Use hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol content when soap and water are not readily available.
• Avoid touching your face, particularly the eyes, nose, and mouth, to prevent the entry of the virus into your system.

Practice Respiratory Etiquette

Minimize the spread of mpox by following respiratory etiquette:

• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing.
• Dispose of used tissues properly and promptly.
• Wear a mask in crowded places or when interacting closely with individuals showing symptoms of respiratory illness.

Minimize Contact with Infected Animals

To reduce the risk of mpox transmission from animals to humans

• Avoid touching or handling wild animals, particularly rodents and primates.
• Refrain from contact with animals displaying signs of illness or abnormal behavior.
• Report sick or dead animals promptly to local authorities without handling them yourself.

Practice Safe Food Handling

Proper food handling can help prevent mpox transmission:

• Ensure meat, especially from wild animals, is thoroughly cooked before consumption.
• Use separate cutting boards and utensils for raw and cooked food to avoid cross-contamination.
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.

Stay Informed and Seek Medical Help

To stay safe and protect yourself from mpox:

• Stay updated with reliable information from trusted health authorities regarding the virus’s presence in your area.
• Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms associated with mpox or suspect exposure to the virus.

With Nepal becoming the latest country to report a case of monkeypox, it is crucial for individuals to take proactive measures to prevent the transmission of the virus. By practicing good hygiene, avoiding contact with infected animals, handling food safely, and staying informed, we can reduce the risk of mpox and protect ourselves and our communities. Adhering to these preventive measures will contribute to global efforts to combat the spread of this viral disease and safeguard public health.